Impkovement in ploughs



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VOLKMANN, 0F SAME PLAGE. Letters Patent No. 60,095, (lated Nobembcr ,1866, ,i

SPECIF'ICATION. rownon rr MAY CoNgrEnN:

Bo it known that I, BRUNO VoLKnnNN, ot' the city, county, and State of New York, did `inventa `new and improved Plough; and I hereby declare the following `to bea Full and exaetdeseription thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawing, and to the letters of reference-marked thereon, which form a part of this specifi! cation` and in which said drawings- Figure l represents a front-view of my improved plough. l i Figure-2, aside view thereof. Figure 3,arl1orizontal yiew of the saine. V The sanne letters mark the .same parts in all the figures.

Y The nature ofniy invention consists in a new and improved plough, of such `a construction that the most i perfect adjustability of the same may be attained without the aid of any plough-handlaor any equivalenti` thereof, and that the ploughshal-e, Vwh n thrown fout of the furrow by'ay impediment, willresume its original.

position in the furrow without any efl'ort on the part of the driver 'of'v the plough-cart, or of any other persen.` 'lo enable' others skilled in the'art to make and use niy invention, Iwill proceed to more particularly describe 'the same. i i i In the annexed drawing, AB C D E F represent the Vplough-frame OrpIOugh-cart. .l G represents theshlaf't' of ythe carin Dl Dl're'present''the axle of ,tl1e`cart.- 'crepresents the right wheel of thefploughwart; F 4the left wheel ot' the same.. I represents the"sc`rewtree. represents` aY semicircle, with regular openings, for, adjusting'the shaft G. Kl represents the plough-trace. `Lfrepresents the ploughbeam.` f represents the screw-chain. e relresents ai small'balance-beam,:in which the screw-chain, with the ploughfbeahr, hangs. j M repreeclats the ploughshare. .The axle of the cart, Dl allel plates attached thereto, thefupper vplate'ha g 'perforations to admitithescrewtree b eingsccured consists'o'f, besides the'usual horizontal` ax,le,iof"`two -parf` further to the rightor left. Y P'iepresen'ts the crankorI the handle for the screw-tree; i R.., repres`en1ts,the regulating screw for the screw-treeQ S i's'thc regulating'serew for th): cart-shaft. T is the regulating screwfor the vertical frame-piece E,' vwhieh:consists of twoV parallel pieces. 5 d el arctwo horizontal fra'mefpieees, attached to the lower side of the frame il', containing the perforations or screw-holes in which the screw-tree `fits.

It is apparentfrom the drawing that the head'of the'ploughdaoitm L is hung (inthe small balancebeain `e by moans of the screw-chain, lor screw'and chain, n,whereby the plough-beam is held to the screw-tree I, which, litting intov the mother-screw of the frame-piece d', may be elevated or depressed by means of its"crank P,4

whereby the depth of the furrows may be lessened Vor increased at pleasure, while the width of ythe furrowimziy be fixed and determined by placing 'the screw-tree in the holes on d, either to the rightor to the left; so that,

standing behind the plough anddesiring so make the furrow broader, put the screwtree in the holes to the left, as shown in iig. 3. I'ffit is desired to deepen the furrow more than can be done by screwing down the screw-tree I, I can effect it by the sinking of the axle of the plough-cart D D2, by loosening the screw '.l, then sliding Dg'downwards, ,andfastening it again in that position by the said screw, T. i

When the plonghis used, the plough-frame or plough-cart must be brought into aver-tical position, which i is done by correctly straining the plough-traceK. In ploughing by this-new plough, care must be taken that the larger wheel() shouldv more inside of the furrow and c lose to the outside of it. The plough is kcptstraight by the shaft of thc-carter, the position of which may be' fixed by movingthe pin below the reglilating screw S into one of the holes of the selnicircle D, and fastening it therein by means of said screw, as shown in The balance-beam e prevents the possibility of the plough-beam being turned overlto the right, and the screwchain n, which may be loosened or tightened bythe screw n', prevents it from -being turned o'ver to the left.

Any impediment which should throw the ploughshare out of the furrow, either upwards o r sidewaysv1 can only do so for one moment, as the balance-beam and thc screw-chain will cause it= to assume its former position innncdiately, and without any aid from the driver or other person. This construction of t plough imparts toit n high degree of flexibility, so that it muy be easily turned to thc right or to' the left'at "the end of a straight furrow,.and ,during the tinic iuwhichit 'turns `no ploughing will beperformed, for, the reason that the largo` wheel C will not inovein the furrow during that time, whereby the plough-beam is elevated sulliciently to raise the plonghsharc' outof 'the ground. As during the operation of ploughing the cour'sc' and depth of the plough shaw` ure regulated and determined by the position of the principal parts `of the plough, thc use of any ploughhandle is sulicriinonsi This plough is easily used, and two of them'moy bie'l'ed by ono mon or boy without uns difficulty, all that is required of the said attendant being the leading of the horses properly, the depth and 'width of furrows being fixed before the commencement of the ploughino.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as vnemend desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The plough-frame er plouglbcnrt A. B GD E F, constructed substantially described, in combination with the ploughbcom'li, for the purpose se/tfortli. i v

2. The smell bnlancc-beom c, in combination with the screw-chain n, the screw n', `mnd plough-beam L, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth. l I l 8. The screw-'treo I, in combination with the two horizontal frame-pieces (Z fl', und the plough-beam L, substantiolly as described, for the purpose set forth. I

4. The cart-shaft Gr, in combinzttionwith the semicirele D, regulating screw S, and with the plough-frame A B C D E F, substantially in tho manner ondfor the purpose described. v

5. The cart-axle D D2, in combination with the movable side-piece E, andvregulating screw T, for the purpose of deepening the fur-rows, as required, substantially in the manner described.

` VBRUNO V'OLKMANN.

Witnesses: t

HENRY WEHLE, GUsrAv ZIMMERMANN. 

